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Dawes Act
Date:1887 Annotation: In 1871 Congress declared that tribes were no longer separate, independent governments. It placed tribes under…
The Exclusion of the Chinese
Date:1884 Annotation: Article on Chinese exclusion in the North American Review. From 1882 until 1943, most Chinese immigrants…
The Pendleton Act (1883)
Date:1883 Annotation: George Plunkitt, a local leader of New York City’s Democratic Party, defended the spoils system, through…
The Chinese Exclusion Act
Date:1882 Annotation: The Chinese Exclusion Act, the first major restriction on immigration since the 1790 Naturalization Law, suspended…
Indian Policy Reform
Date:1881 Annotation: In this presidential message to Congress, President Chester Arthur calls for reform of federal Indian policy….
The Battle of the Little Bighorn
Date:1881 Annotation: A Lakota chief’s account of the Battle of the Little Bighorn. Document: The Battle of Little Bighorn…
Testimony of Benjamin Singleton
Date:1880 Annotation: Benjamin Singleton was born in Nashville, Tennessee, in 1809. Although he was sold as a slave…
The Chinese Exclusion Treaty of 1880 and the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Date:1880 Annotation: Four years before the dedication of the Statute of Liberty, whose inscription reads: “Bring me your…
An Indian’s Views of Indian Affairs.
Date:1879 Annotation: Chief Joseph in the North American Review. Document: An Indian’s Views of Indian Affairs. I wish that…
Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce
Date:1877 Annotation: The last great war between the U.S. government and an Indian nation ended at 4 p.m.,…
The Custer Massacre
Date:1876 Annotation: A magazine article from Harper’s Weekly on Custer’s last stand. The United States government supported three forces led…
Report on the Battle of the Little Big Horn
Date:1876 Annotation: Report of M.A. Reno on the Battle of the Little Big Horn. On July 5, 1876,…
The Little Horn Massacre
Date:1876 Annotation: Hollywood film star Errol Flynn portrayed George Armstrong Custer as the personification of American heroism, as…
Fort Laramie Treaty
Date:1868 Annotation: Treaty between the United States and the Plains Indians. In 1868, the Fort Laramie Treaty was…
Sand Creek Massacre
Date:1864 Annotation: Documents relating to the Sand Creek, Colorado, Massacre of 1864. Newspaper editorials Between 1858 and 1859,…
Pacific Railway Act
Annotation: The Pacific Railway Act authorized construction of the first transcontinental railroad, extending from the Missouri River to…